Surface melt-driven seasonal behaviour (englacial and subglacial) from a soft-bedded temperate glacier recorded by in situ wireless probes     

Jane K. Hart  Kirk Martinez  Philip J. Basford  Alexander I. Clayton  Graeme M. Bragg  Tyler Ward  David S. Young 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(9):1769-1782

We investigate the spatial and temporal englacial and subglacial processes associated with a temperate glacier resting on a deformable bed using the unique Glacsweb wireless in situ probes (embedded in the ice and the till) combined with other techniques [including ground penetrating radar (GPR) and borehole analysis]. During the melt season (spring, summer and autumn), high surface melt leads to high water pressures in the englacial and subglacial environment. Winter is characterized by no surface melting on most days (‘base’) apart from a series of positive degree days. Once winter begins, a diurnal water pressure cycle is established in the ice and at the ice/sediment interface, with direct meltwater inputs from the positive degree days and a secondary slower englacial pathway with a five day lag. This direct surface melt also drives water pressure changes in the till. Till deformation occurred throughout the year, with the winter rate approximately 60% that of the melt season. We were able to show the bed comprised patches of till with different strengths, and were able to estimate their size, relative percentage and temporal stability. We show that the melt season is characterized by a high pressure distributed system, and winter by a low pressure channelized system. We contrast this with studies from Greenland (overlying rigid bedrock), where the opposite was found. We argue our results are typical of soft bedded glaciers with low englacial water content, and suggest this type of glacier can rapidly respond to surface-driven melt. Based on theoretical and field results we suggest that the subglacial hydrology comprises a melt season distributed system dominated by wide anastomosing broad flat channels and thin water sheets, which may become more channelized in winter, and more responsive to changes in meltwater inputs. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

综合物化探方法在山西东腰庄绿岩带型金矿外围找矿中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

陈文韬 《山东国土资源》2019,35(11)

山西东腰庄金矿是我国典型的绿岩带型金矿床之一,主要赋存于新太古代五台群鸿门岩组浅色变质绿片岩中,含矿带岩性主要为硅化绢云钠长片岩和绢云钠长片岩,层控特征明显。本次建立了东腰庄金矿床地质-地球物理-地球化学找矿模型,并运用岩石地球化学勘查、电法勘探,在东腰庄金矿外围勘查区圈定化探异常4处、激电异常2处,其中化探1号多元素综合异常与电法异常吻合较好,推测为矿致异常,通过激电测深,推测地质体形态为透镜体,埋深较浅。综合物化探方法利用绿岩带型金矿形成过程中元素迁移带来的原生地球化学异常,以及主要载金矿物-黄铁矿与围岩之间的电性差异,在此次找矿勘查过程中圈定了找矿靶区,取得了较好成效,为下步钻探验证工作提供了依据。  相似文献   

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION     

《Abstract of Chinese Geological Literature》2014,(2)

正20141074Bao Xijie(Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Daqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Daqing 163712,China)Gather Optimal Processing and Application Effect of Prestack AVA Instantaneous Inversion  相似文献   

综合物探法在砂岩型铀矿中深部找矿中的实践与分析——以新疆昭苏盆地为例     

黄建乐 《地质与勘探》2021,57(5):1099-1106

为了探查新疆昭苏盆地砂岩型铀矿的异常信息,选择可控源音频大地电磁测量、高精度磁测和土壤氡气测量三种物探方法,并简要介绍各方法的工作原理。通过分析昭苏盆地的地质特征、物性特征和本区的找矿难点,对昭苏盆地综合物探数据所蕴含的信息进行地质-物探综合解译。实践证明:可控源音频大地电磁测量对低阻和高阻体均有良好的电性响应,可以划分地层、推断断裂构造;高精度磁测可以推断氧化还原界面,辅助解释断裂构造;土壤氡气测量可辅助解释断裂构造,对地下铀矿体有指示作用,三种方法的技术特性相互补充,提高了物探解释的准确性。突破了伊犁盆地以往600 m的找矿深度,并以电性稳定的中阻厚层、磁测异常、氡异常偏高晕和峰-谷状曲线作为预测标志,解决了深埋藏条件下赋矿地质体的圈定难点,在昭苏盆地砂岩型铀矿中、深部找矿工作中取得了良好的效果。  相似文献   

NURE航空计划回顾与新时代航空γ能谱勘查启示     

李敬敏  米耀辉  骆遥 《物探与化探》2021,(2):394-402

国家铀资源评价(NURE)计划实现了覆盖美国本土和阿拉斯加的1∶250000 NTMS图幅航空γ能谱测量和航磁测量,通过简要回顾该计划历程,重点针对NURE中航空地球物理勘查(航空γ能谱和航磁测量),讨论了航空地球物理勘查中测量技术、数据处理及解释方法等。NURE航空测量在铀矿勘查和辐射环境评价、洲际航空地球物理编图等领域发挥了巨大作用,产生了意义深远的影响。在总结NURE航空测量经验和做法的基础上,针对我国航空γ能谱测量勘查现状,建议从国家层面进行顶层设计,尽快实施我国陆域范围内的航空γ能谱和航磁框架性测量,实现对我国陆域航空γ能谱测量全覆盖,建设具有中国特色的航空γ能谱测量与监测体系。  相似文献   

Surface Geophysical Methods used to Verify the Karst Geological Structure in the Built-up Area: A Case Study of Specific Engineering-Geological Conditions     

Rene PUTISKA  Marian MARSCHALKO  Isik YILMAZ  Dominik NIEMIEC  CHENG Xianfeng  Ivan DOSTAL  Jan KUBAC 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(5):1763-1770

This article presents a research study of complex limestone karst engineering-geological conditions in the municipality Valaská near Banská Bystrica in Slovakia. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the impossibility of spatial identification of cave spaces using surface geophysical methods due to the specific engineering-geological conditions of a thick surface layer of anthropogenic fill containing highly heterogeneous anthropogenic material. Its maximum thickness is 3 m. Another specificific condition of the study area is its location in the built-up area, due to which the applicability of geophysical methods was limited. The article contains methodological recommendations to be used in analogous geological conditions with karst structures topped with anthropogenic fill, which complicates the identification of cave spaces. The recommended solution herein is the identification of the cave system using underground mapping of the karst and its projection onto the surface for which surface geophysical methods have been combined.  相似文献   

多种地球物理场观测数据中亚失稳现象     

张淑亮  王霞  郭文峰  陈慧  李惠玲 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2021,51(2):571-583

20100124山西河津M4.8地震前,临汾地震台宽频倾斜仪记录到与实验室岩石破裂亚失稳过程类似图像,震源及附近地区也出现多项准同步性的短临异常。本文对这次地震前震源及附近地区多种地球物理场观测数据在发震断层黏滑失稳前不同阶段的变化特征进行了探讨。结果表明：1）震前记录到的亚失稳现象并非单点单测项,而是具有多点多物理场的群体性特征;2）这些异常出现的时间与临汾宽频倾斜仪记录的亚失稳事件时间基本同步,其形态上以大幅突变为主,时间上多集中在震前45 d左右,空间上主要集中在距震中100 km的范围内,且具有随时间从外围向震中区集中的特点;3）震前不仅在多种地球物理场观测数据中记录到类似亚失稳现象,而且在震前1~6 d一些地球物理场观测仪器还记录到与发震断层失稳前预滑有关的小事件;4）震前临汾宽频倾斜仪记录到的亚失稳现象、震源及附近地区出现多项准同步性的短临异常,是在震源及附近地区的区域应力场增强、介质特性发生改变的情况下出现的,可能与河津地震有关;5）震前多种地球物理场异常随时间推移显示出协同化的特点,即沿发震断裂方向有由外围向震中迁移和集中的特点。  相似文献   

坦桑尼亚林迪地区纳钦圭阿石墨矿床地质特征及找矿模型     

杜菊民  陈春生  黄夕川 《江苏地质》2021,45(4):341-348

坦桑尼亚林迪地区是世界上重要的石墨成矿带,纳钦圭阿石墨矿是成矿带新发现的典型矿床之一。矿区分南北2个矿段,共圈定工业矿体17条,推断石墨矿物资源量>100万t,固定碳平均品位为4.05%。矿体赋存于石墨片岩-片麻岩中,呈层状、透镜状产出,走向北东—北北东,产状与围岩一致,矿体与围岩呈渐变过渡关系。矿石类型为石墨片岩-片麻岩型,矿石矿物为鳞片状石墨,脉石矿物主要为石英、长石、云母及少量金属矿物。矿石中片度≥147 μm（+100目）的石墨占94.43%,工业类型为大鳞片晶质石墨矿石。以视极化率6%为异常下限,共圈定4处激电异常,高极化率异常与低电阻率异常对应良好,探矿工程确定为矿体出露位置。该石墨矿的找矿模型：新元古代莫桑比克活动带中一套中高级副变质岩系为区域找矿标志,石墨片岩、石墨片麻岩露头为矿区找矿的直接标志,延伸方向与地层走向一致的条带状低阻、高极化异常带为地球物理找矿标志。该石墨矿的地质特征及找矿模型可作为在坦桑尼亚寻找同类矿床的参考。  相似文献   

Discussion on “The action of elemental sulfur plus water on 1-octene at low temperatures” by Said-Ahmad et al. (Organic Geochemistry 59, 82–86)     

《Organic Geochemistry》2015

A recent article (Said-Ahmad, W., Amrani, A., Aizenshtat, Z., 2013. The action of elemental sulfur plus water on 1-octene at low temperatures. Organic Geochemistry 59, 82–86) is commented on in this discussion. Radical mechanisms proposed by Said-Ahmad et al. (2013) for the formation of sulfurized and oxidized organic compounds in experiments involving elemental sulfur and 1-octene under aqueous conditions, aimed at investigating the interaction of organic matter and sulfur compounds under geological conditions, are not compatible with their experimental results and other studies. In addition, results from the experiments aimed at demonstrating the role of HO radicals in the formation of oxidized organic compounds were incorrectly interpreted by the authors. In this discussion, alternative mechanisms for the formation of the sulfurized and oxygenated products reported by Said-Ahmad et al. (2013) are proposed.  相似文献   

新疆小热泉子铜矿物探异常特征及找矿效果     

闻晓慧  姚敬金  张素兰  林天亮  鲁瑞君  周志超 《新疆地质》2011,29(1):61-64

通过在小热泉子矿床开展高精度重力、激发极化面积性测量和高密度相位激电测深,对其物探异常特征进行分析解释,推断异常性质.经钻探工程验证,发现矿体与中高剩余重力、高极化率、中低电阻和高(负值)视相位异常对应较好.  相似文献